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背景说明：Estradiol is a female sex hormone produced by the ovaries, adrenal gland and also the placenta during pregnancy. Estradiol is the most important hormone during a female’s reproductive years, and is required for reproductive and sexual function as well as having an impact on the health of other organs and tissues.In females, estradiol acts primarily as a growth hormone for the reproductive organs including the vagina, the fallopian tubes, the endometrium and the cervical glands . Estradiol also enhances growth of the womb’s muscle layer, the myometrium. In addition, the hormone maintains oocytes and triggers a series of events that lead to ovulation. Though estradiol levels in men are much lower compared to those in women, estradiol has important roles in men as well. Aside from humans and other mammals, estradiol is also found in most vertebrates and crustaceans, insects, fish, and other animal species. Estradiol is produced especially within the follicles of the ovaries, but also in other tissues including the testicles, the adrenal glands, fat, liver, the breasts, and the brain. Estradiol is produced in the body from cholesterol through a series of reactions and intermediates.
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